整合作物和乳制品生产系统:探索不同的战略,以实现环境目标
L M Alderkamp1, C W Klootwijk2, A G T Schut3
1Wageningen University & Research, Animal Production Systems Group, 6706 WD Wageningen, the Netherlands.
The Science of the total environment
|December 18, 2024
概括
整合作物和畜牧系统 (ICLS) 可以提高粮食生产的可持续性. 虽然最初从经济上有利,但对ICLS的更严格的环境控制减少了农场的利,但显著降低了社会环境成本.
科学领域:
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 促进综合作物和畜牧系统 (ICLS) 促进可持续的粮食生产.
- 评估ICLS影响需要评估不同约束条件下的农场结构,经济和环境足迹.
研究的目的:
- 评估ICLS的经济和环境影响,包括排放,土地使用和输入限制.
- 将ICLS性能与专门的非集成系统进行比较.
主要方法:
- 为了经济优化ICLS,采用了线性优化模型.
- 农场营养平衡和生命周期评估 (LCA) 用于量化环境影响.
- 社会环境成本的计算是基于排放和营养物质的余价格.
主要成果:
- 没有约束的经济驱动的ICLS增加了毛利率,但与专业化系统相比,提高了社会环境成本.
- 更严格的排放和减强场景降低了ICLS的毛利率,但大幅降低了环境成本.
- 在ICLS情景中,土地使用限制保持了经济效益,同时降低了环境成本.
结论:
- 虽然ICLS在经济上是可行的,但环境效益取决于政策和约束的严格性.
- 在ICLS中对排放和土地利用的有针对性的限制可以显著减少环境外部性.
- ICLS提供了一条改善农业可持续性的途径,平衡经济绩效与环境保护.
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