极端温度增加了COPD病死亡率的风险:系统性审查和元分析
Huan Minh Tran1, Feng-Jen Tsai2, Kang-Yun Lee3
1Ph.D. Program in Global Health and Health Security, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Public Health, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
The Science of the total environment
|December 18, 2024
概括
极端温度显著增加慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者的风险. 热和冷都构成威胁,特定的弱势群体被确定,需要量身定制的公共卫生反应.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 极端温度对公众健康构成重大威胁,特别是对患有慢性呼吸道疾病的人来说.
- 慢性阻塞性肺部疾病 (COPD) 是一种渐进的肺部疾病,可以因环境因素而恶化.
- 了解热和冷对COPD发病率和死亡率的具体影响对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查极端温度对慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 发病率和死亡率的影响.
- 为了确定COPD患者的特定亚群,这些亚群更容易受到极端的高温和低温的影响.
- 综合当前关于温度极端和COPD结果相关的定量风险的证据.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2024年,在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,Web of Science,Scopus) 中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括观察性研究,这些研究量化定义了极端温度及其对COPD病死亡率的影响.
- 数据提取的重点是研究特征,效果估计,混因素和偏差评估风险.
主要成果:
- 极端高温导致COPD病死亡率增加了1.16倍,死亡率增加了1.19倍.
- 极度寒冷使COPD的死亡率增加了1.32倍,发病率增加了1.47倍,死亡率增加了1.23倍.
- 易受伤害的群体包括女性,老年人和亚洲人群,因为两种极端,而欧洲人更容易感冒.
结论:
- 慢性肺炎患者对极端温度反应的变化凸显了适应性公共卫生策略的必要性.
- 量身定制的医疗和紧急响应对于在极端天气事件中减轻健康风险至关重要.
- 需要进一步研究特定的生理机制和针对易受伤害的慢性慢性病患者群体的有针对性的干预措施.
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