重新审视性激素在去髓化的中枢神经系统中的作用
Elisabeth Traiffort1, Abdelmoumen Kassoussi1, Amina Zahaf1
1U1195 Inserm, Paris-Saclay University, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
|December 18, 2024
概括
性激素显著影响多发性硬化症 (MS) 病理学,影响疾病进展和复髓化. 了解这些与性别有关的差异为渐进性多发性硬化症提供了新的治疗途径.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 神经退行性疾病 神经退行性疾病
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 在发病率,易感性和进展方面表现出与性别相关的显著差异.
- 性激素如雌激素,孕激素和雄激素在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中起作用,并影响MS的发病.
- 目前对中枢神经系统脱髓化中这些激素影响的理解需要更新.
研究的目的:
- 在多发性硬化症的背景下,审查目前关于孕原体,雄激素和雌激素在中枢神经系统脱髓化中的作用的知识.
- 探索这些激素在MS中的合成,失调和分子二态.
- 评估前临床和临床数据关于激素对MS进展和复髓化失败的影响.
主要方法:
- 临床前和临床研究的文献综述.
- 对与中枢神经系统脱髓化中性激素相关的分子和细胞机制的分析.
- 检查与年龄相关的变化及其与MS中的激素功能相互作用的研究.
主要成果:
- 性激素对MS有明显的影响,影响疾病的易感性和进展.
- 荷尔蒙失调和分子二态度有助于MS病理,并影响复髓化.
- 与年龄相关的荷尔蒙水平的变化可能会加剧MS的进展,并阻碍自发的复髓化.
结论:
- 性激素是多发性硬化症的关键调节剂,影响其神经炎症和神经退行性方面.
- 了解性激素路径为新的治疗策略提供了潜在的可能性,以防止多发性硬化症的进展.
- 针对荷尔蒙失衡和二形体可能是改善治疗结果和预防MS不可逆转残疾的关键.
相关概念视频
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
713
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
713
Nervous Tissue: Myelin
2.3K
The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
2.3K
Neurotransmitters
805
Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.
805
Glial Cells
86.3K
Overview
86.3K
Neurochemical Transmission: Sites of Drug Action
2.1K
Neurochemical transmission, the conduction of electrical impulses between neurons mediated by neurotransmitters, plays a vital role in various physiological processes. Autonomic drugs exert their effects by modulating neurotransmission within the autonomic nervous system. For instance, drugs such as hemicholinium block the precursor uptake necessary for synthesizing acetylcholine, an essential autonomic neurotransmitter. Following synthesis, neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles. Metyrosine...
2.1K
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
428
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
428


