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相关概念视频

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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表观遗传疗法 表观遗传疗法

Wallace Bourgeois1, Scott A Armstrong1, Emily B Heikamp2

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

表观遗传疗法通过向异常基因调节,为儿童癌症提供了新的希望. 这些疗法旨在逆转表观遗传变化,潜在地恢复正常细胞发育和对抗儿童癌症.

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科学领域:

  • 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法

背景情况:

  • 儿科瘤往往表现出表观遗传失调和受损的分化,而不是高突变率.
  • 表观遗传变化,包括DNA甲基化和基因组修饰,在儿童癌症的发展中起着至关重要的作用.
  • 向表观遗传调节器为儿科恶性瘤提供了一个有前途的治疗策略.

研究的目的:

  • 审查儿童癌症的新兴表观遗传疗法.
  • 突出现有和正在研究的表观遗传药物的作用机制.
  • 讨论在儿童瘤中准表观遗传失调的可能性.

主要方法:

  • 关于儿科瘤学的表观遗传疗法的当前文献的综述.
  • 对FDA批准的表观遗传药物及其机制 (例如DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂,IDH抑制剂) 的分析.
  • 讨论针对基因组修饰和瘤性融合蛋白的新兴策略.

主要成果:

  • DNA低甲基化剂 (azacitidine,decitabine) 是FDA批准用于血液恶性瘤的药物.
  • IDH 抑制剂已被批准用于某些具有特定突变的血液和固体瘤.
  • 针对基因组修饰酶的小分子正在为儿科瘤进行研究.
  • 破坏瘤融合蛋白 - 染色质复合体的疗法显示出显著的前景,在某些白血病中已被确立使用.

结论:

  • 表观遗传疗法代表了儿童癌症治疗的快速发展的前沿.
  • 向DNA甲基化,基因组修饰和融合蛋白提供了多种不同的治疗途径.
  • 进一步了解儿科癌症的表观遗传机制将扩大可药物标的范围.