当使用双阶段预警系统时,驾驶员的注意力如何变化? 预期和认知负载的影响
Yanglin Shen1, Jiajun Li1, Zhen Yang1
1Department of psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
Ergonomics
|December 19, 2024
概括
在高认知负载下驾驶的司机更多地专注于道路. 然而,对自动驾驶系统的高期望导致道路凝视度降低,接管性能降低,凸显了对两阶段警告的设计需求.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 两级预警系统对于3级自动驾驶系统的安全过渡至关重要.
- 驾驶员的期望和认知负载在自动驾驶过程中显著影响性能.
- 了解注意力分配是优化驾驶员与自动化系统互动的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查驾驶员期望和认知负载对注意力和接管性能的影响,使用两阶段警告.
- 分析驾驶员对自动驾驶能力的看法如何影响他们对警告的反应.
- 确定自动驾驶过渡期间认知负载和注意力策略之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及32名参与者使用3级自动驾驶系统的驾驶模拟研究.
- 操纵驾驶员对系统能力的期望 (高低).
- 认知负载的评估及其对驾驶员视觉注意力和接管性能的影响.
主要成果:
- 高度的认知负载导致道路固定增加,表明谨慎的注意力策略.
- 对于自动化系统有很高的期望的驾驶员表现出较少的道路凝视和较差的接管性能 (增加横向偏差,加速).
- 高期望驾驶员的注意力分配对警告阶段的敏感性较小,但受认知负载的影响更大.
结论:
- 两级预警系统需要精心设计,以有效引导驾驶员的注意力,特别是在不同的认知负载和期望下.
- 司机的期望在注意力分配和接管性能中发挥着关键作用,需要对这些期望进行校准.
- 未来的设计应该考虑认知负载和系统预期的个体差异,以提高自动驾驶的安全性.
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