可解释的机器学习预测化学疗法在没有可用的向突变的高级非小细胞肺癌中所带来的益处
Zhao Shuang1, Xiong Xingyu1, Cheng Yue1
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
The clinical respiratory journal
|December 19, 2024
概括
机器学习预测化学疗法对非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 患者没有突变的好处. 该模型使用八个临床指标来识别可能响应的患者,从而有可能改善结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
- 癌症生物标志物 癌症生物标志物
背景情况:
- 非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战.
- 化疗对于没有可向突变的高级NSCLC是标准的,但药物耐药性限制了疗效.
- 早期预测化疗反应对于优化治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种机器学习模型,用于预测缺乏特定突变的NSCLC患者的化疗益处.
- 确定与化疗反应和生存结果相关的关键临床指标.
主要方法:
- 对461名用化疗治疗的NSCLC患者进行了回顾性队列研究 (2009-2013).
- 开发了四个机器学习模型,其中极端梯度增强 (Xgboost) 被选为表现最佳的模型.
- 用于模型解释的沙普利添加式解释 (SHAP);用于生存分析的卡普兰-梅尔方法.
主要成果:
- 在Xgboost模型中,在预测化疗完全响应 (CR) 时,AUC达到0.78.
- CR的主要预测因素包括手术史和高瘤分化.
- 与低生存率相关的因素包括没有手术,中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率 (NLR) 升高,血小板与淋巴细胞比率 (PLR) 和乳酸脱酶 (LDH).
结论:
- 使用八个临床变量的实用,非侵入性机器学习模型可以预测在没有可向突变的NSCLC患者中化疗的益处.
- 该模型显示了令人满意的预测性能和临床实用性.
- 这种工具可以帮助临床医生识别最有可能从化疗中受益的患者,从而有可能改善预后.
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