量化牛生育现象的表型和遗传变异在美国simmental使用总牛群报告数据的表型和遗传变异
Cassidy C Catrett1, Sarah E Moorey1, Jon E Beever1
1Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Journal of animal science
|December 19, 2024
概括
通过遗传选择提高牛肉牛的生育能力对于效率至关重要. 这项研究分析了生殖特征,发现基因组选择可以增强母牛怀孕和其他生育措施的遗传收益.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 牲畜中的生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 生殖效率对于畜牧业生产至关重要,但由于遗传率低和表达迟缓,传统的牛生育特征选择方法受到限制.
- 使用预期后代差异 (EPD) 可以加快遗传收益,以将选择重点放在预测的生殖特征的遗传优点上.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用多种连续和离散的表型,探索和量化肉牛的早期和持续的生育能力.
- 用血统和基因组数据估计各种生育特征的遗传参数.
- 评估基因组数据对生殖特征遗传性估计的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自美国simmental协会的533,155个分娩记录的大数据集,包括基因型动物.
- 分析了五种生育现象:分娩日期 (CD),分娩间隔 (CI),第一次分娩间隔 (FCI),母牛怀孕 (HP) 和离散早期分娩 (DEC).
- 雇佣的血统和基因组限制最大概率 (REML) 来估计遗传,永久环境和临时环境变异组件.
主要成果:
- 对生育特征的家系估计遗传能力在0.04到0.23之间,母牛怀孕 (HP) 显示了最高的遗传能力.
- 基因组数据的整合增加了HP (0.24) 的遗传性估计,并略微减少了FCI (0.04) 的遗传性估计.
- 在分析的生育表型中观察到积极的表型和遗传相关性,这表明可能存在对选择的相关反应.
结论:
- 这些发现支持使用基因组选择来提高肉牛的生育能力,特别是对于像母牛怀孕这样的特征.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化遗传预测,并利用全基因组关联研究探索生育特征的遗传结构.
- 标准化全群报告框架为新的生殖表型测量提供了机会,这取决于为有效的遗传评估记录一致和详细的数据.
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