在人口健康环境中研究冲动性和不良童年经历
Robert W Read1, Karen A Schlauch1, Gai Elhanan1
1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|December 19, 2024
概括
用巴拉特冲动度量表 (BIS) 衡量的不良童年经历 (ACE) 和高冲动性,显著增加了主要抑郁症和基本高血压的风险. 这些自我评估可以改善对各种疾病的临床风险预测.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 复杂的心理健康特征和生活史往往在医疗保健系统中没有得到充分的代表.
- 像巴拉特冲动度表 (BIS) 和不良童年经历 (ACE) 等自我评估工具对成人疾病风险的预测实用性仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 确定标准自我评估,特别是BIS和ACE是否可以预测成人疾病发生率和发病率.
- 评估冲动性,ACE和广泛的健康结果之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项追溯的队列研究,包括来自健康内华达项目 (HNP) 的17,482名参与者,他们完成了行为和心理健康自我评估 (HDSA).
- 使用BIS-15评估冲动性,并通过标准化问卷收集ACE.
- 用全现象关联研究和卡普兰-梅尔生存分析来评估疾病关联.
主要成果:
- 儿童不良经历 (ACE) 与更高的冲动性有显著的关联.
- 一项全现象关联研究发现了冲动性与各种疾病之间的230个显著关联,其中包括44个精神健康诊断,如主要抑郁症 (MDD).
- 高ACE和高冲动性显著增加了MDD (HRs2.81,2.17) 和基本高血压的风险,将预测的寿命概率分别提高了约40%和20%.
结论:
- 过度冲动和ACE病史与许多不良健康结果有关.
- 对于复杂的特征和生命史,简单的自我评估工具可以显著提高临床风险评估.
- 整合BIS和ACE数据可能为主动健康风险评估提供一种有价值,可访问的方法.
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