大脑白质髓化与成年人一生中处理速度的纵向变化有关
Zhaoyuan Gong1, Murat Bilgel2, Yang An2
1Magnetic Resonance Physics of Aging and Dementia Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Brain communications
|December 19, 2024
概括
较高的髓水分数,即髓含量的度量,与老年成年人更好地维持处理速度有关. 这一发现表明,髓对认知功能至关重要,并可能作为与年龄有关的认知衰退的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 髓对于有效的神经传导至关重要,其下降会影响衰老期间的认知处理速度.
- 了解髓完整性和认知功能之间的关系对于解决与年龄相关的认知衰退至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究通过髓水分 (MWF) 测量髓含量与处理速度的纵向变化之间的关联.
- 确定特定的白质区域,其中髓完整性与处理速度保存最为密切相关.
主要方法:
- 使用先进磁共振成像 (MRI) 绘制髓水分量的量化髓含量.
- 分析了来自巴尔的摩长度衰老研究和转化衰老实验室测试的遗传和表观遗传特征的121名认知不受损的参与者 (22-94岁) 的数据.
- 采用线性混合效应模型来检查MWF与追溯纵向处理速度变化之间的关系,调整人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 较高的髓水分数值与随着时间的推移更好地保持的处理速度有显著的相关性.
- 在几个特定的白质区域中观察到显著的关联,通过voxel-wise分析进行详细分析.
- 这些发现凸显了髓蛋白完整性在保持认知处理速度方面的重要性.
结论:
- 髓在整个衰老过程中保持处理速度方面发挥着关键作用.
- 髓水分可能成为针对旨在缓解与年龄相关的认知衰退的干预措施的敏感生物标志物.
- 这项研究为开发老年人群神经健康预防策略提供了基础.
更多相关视频
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
10.1K
10:13Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
Published on: February 14, 2014
13.7K
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
50
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
50
01:25Nervous Tissue: Myelin
2.3K
The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
2.3K
01:30Information Processing Approach
30
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
30
01:01Neuroplasticity
289
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
289
01:27Language and Cognition
322
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
322
01:14Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
365
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
365