对心血管疾病风险的感知偏差对身体活动和饮食习惯的影响
Zhiting Guo1,2, Yujia Fu2, Xuyang Wang1,2
1Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (SAHZU), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
大多数人不准确地认为他们的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险,许多高风险的人低估了它. 低感知心血管疾病风险与较低的体力活动和不健康的饮食有关,强调需要更好的风险沟通.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 健康心理学 心理健康心理学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是中国的一大健康问题.
- 准确的个人心血管疾病风险感知对于有效的预防和干预至关重要.
- 了解感知和实际心血管疾病风险之间的差距对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国人口中感知和客观计算的心血管疾病风险之间的一致性.
- 根据心血管疾病风险感知类别,调查身体活动和健康饮食习惯的差异.
- 确定与对心血管疾病风险感知不足和过度相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在中国江省进行了一项横截面调查,对739名20至80岁的参与者进行了调查,这些参与者之前没有接受过心血管疾病诊断.
- 用心血管疾病风险感知问卷对心血管疾病风险感知问卷的态度和信念的中文版本来衡量心血管疾病风险感知.
- 客观心血管疾病风险是使用预测动脉样硬化心血管疾病风险 (中国-PAR) 模型来计算的.
主要成果:
- 只有29.2%的参与者准确地感知到他们的心血管疾病风险;64.5%过度感知,6.2%感知不足.
- 有高实际心血管疾病风险的一半人没有意识到这一点.
- 与精确感知者相比,低感知者不太可能从事体育活动和坚持健康饮食.
结论:
- 感知和实际心脏病风险之间存在着显著的脱节,特别是在高风险人群中.
- 对心血管疾病风险的不充分认识与较差的生活方式行为有关,包括减少体力活动和不健康的饮食.
- 个性化的心血管疾病风险沟通策略对于提高风险感知准确性和促进更健康的生活方式至关重要.
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