相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 4, 2025
09:05
Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites
Published on: June 24, 2019
7.9K
在北海未来的风力轮机的最佳环境定位
Chen Li1, Bernhard Steubing1, Joeri Morpurgo1
1Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
Environmental science & technology
|December 19, 2024
概括
优化海上风电场 (OWF) 位置和采用先进技术可以显著减少海上风能 (OWE) 的材料和碳足迹. 战略定位和未来的技术发展有望减少每兆瓦时的环境影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可再生能源工程可再生能源工程
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 海上风能 (OWE) 对可持续能源转型至关重要.
- 海上风电场 (OWF) 的制造,安装,运营,维护和退役都会对环境产生影响.
- 材料和能源需求有助于OWF的生命周期足迹.
研究的目的:
- 评估在北海潜在的OWF地点的材料和碳足迹.
- 评估未来技术发展对OWF环境绩效的影响.
- 确定最佳的位置策略,以尽量减少对环境的影响.
主要方法:
- 对各种OWF地点的材料和碳足迹的生命周期评估.
- 对2040年潜在的未来技术发展 (例如,更大的轮机,延长寿命) 的分析.
- 在不同场地设置方案和技术进步中,每兆瓦时的环境影响的比较.
主要成果:
- 改进的位置可以将钢铁需求降低约65%,铜需求降低约31%,并将体现的CO2-eq降低约26%/MWh.
- 靠近海岸的北海地区 (东部和西北部) 由于有利的风力资源,每兆瓦时的二氧化碳等值最低.
- 北海中部地区由于距离较远而产生更高的二氧化碳等值,并与保护区重叠,使其不那么有利.
结论:
- 战略定位对于最大限度地减少海上风电场对环境的影响至关重要.
- 未来的OWE技术,就像更大的轮机一样,可以大幅减少材料需求和每MWh的CO2-eq.
- 将最佳位置与技术进步相结合,可以显著降低OWE的整体环境影响.
相关概念视频
01:17Design Example: Calculating Safe Diameter for Wind-Exposed Disc
41
Assessing safety in wind-exposed installations is crucial to preventing potential failures. This example explores the calculation and design adjustments needed to mount a circular disc on a building facade, where wind forces are a primary concern. A 4-meter diameter disc was initially designed as an aesthetic feature facing winds at a velocity of 25 meters per second, with an air density of 1.25 kilograms per cubic meter. Given these conditions, the drag force on the disc was determined using...
41
01:17Turbine-Governor Control
161
Turbine-governor control is crucial for maintaining power system stability by balancing turbine mechanical power output with electrical load demand. This mechanism ensures that generator frequency and rotor speed are within acceptable limits during load variations. Turbine-generator units store kinetic energy due to their rotating masses; this energy is released to meet the load requirement when the load increases. The electrical torque of turbines rises to meet the demand, whereas the...
161
01:06Primary Production
23.5K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
23.5K