在COVID时代的文化失败:对未来的教训
Hazel Rose Markus1, Jeanne L Tsai1, Yukiko Uchida2
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University.
概括
由于不同的文化默认,东亚国家有效地管理了COVID-19,影响了公共卫生反应. 了解这些心理缺陷是未来危机管理的关键.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 文化研究 文化研究
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行揭示了国家应对效率的重大差异.
- 东亚国家 (日本,台湾,韩国) 在控制病毒方面总体上表现优于美国.
- 文化心理默认可能解释了这些差异的流行病反应.
研究的目的:
- 综合美国与东亚文化缺陷的研究.
- 检查这些缺陷如何影响与大流行相关的决策和沟通.
- 突出在文化特异性流行病响应中创造意义的作用.
主要方法:
- 数十年来关于文化心理学的经验研究的文学综合.
- 分析疫情期间政府和组织决策者沟通的情况.
- 文化缺陷与国家流行病应对策略的比较.
主要成果:
- 确定了不同的文化缺陷:美国 (乐观,独特性,个人控制,推广) 与东亚 (现实主义,相似性,社会监管,预防).
- 展示了这些默认值如何塑造对流行病相关问题的反应 (例如,个人风险,行动,社会影响).
- 将特定的文化缺陷与观察到的流行病控制的国家差异联系起来.
结论:
- 文化上根深蒂固的心理缺陷严重影响了国家对COVID-19的反应.
- 了解和利用文化缺陷可以改善未来的危机管理策略.
- 受文化默认影响的创造意义对于有效的公共卫生政策至关重要.
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