电子显微镜和ToF-SIMS用于分析泥石中的有机生物标记物的机器学习相关性
Michael J Pasterski1, Matthias Lorenz2, Anton V Ievlev2
1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|December 19, 2024
概括
应用机器学习 (ML) 算法来解释地质样本的复杂质谱数据. k-最近邻居 (KNN) 算法在泥石中分类有机和无机成分方面表现最好,有助于生物标志物发现.
科学领域:
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 在地质样本中有机物质的空间分布提供了对它们融入宿主岩石的见解.
- 质谱 (MS) 图像生成大量数据集,但由于离子混合,通常会产生复杂,难以解释的光谱.
研究的目的:
- 应用无监督和监督机器学习 (ML) 来解释来自有机丰富泥石的飞行时间二次离子质谱 (ToF-SIMS) 光谱.
- 评估不同的ML算法在基于组成和生物标志物存在的基础上对地质样本光谱进行分类的性能.
主要方法:
- 在扫描电子显微镜-电子分散光谱 (SEM-EDS) 数据上使用无监督的ML来定义组合类别.
- 四个监督的ML算法 (KNN,RPART,XGBoost,RF) 经过测试,使用SEM-EDS类别,有机/无机标签和固醇生物标记物的存在来对ToF-SIMS光谱进行分类.
- 在ML模型上进行了特征重要性分析,以帮助光谱解释.
主要成果:
- 该k-最近邻居 (KNN) 算法证明了光谱分类的最高预测和平衡准确性.
- 递归分区和回归树 (RPART) 在测试的算法中表现最差.
- 特性重要性分析显示,用于分类的一些有机离子可能是煤碎片离子.
结论:
- ML,特别是KNN,对于解释地质样本中复杂的ToF-SIMS光谱是有效的.
- 虽然KNN提供了高精度,但其缺乏特征重要性阻碍了后期解释,与其他模型不同.
- 该研究确定了潜在的素碎片离子,有助于光谱分类,改善了对泥石中的有机物质的理解.
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