分析和减轻在手术室到重症监护室患者移交期间患者伤害的风险
Nara Regina Spall Martins1, Edson Zangiacomi Martinez2, Cláudia Marquez Simões1
1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4107, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
概括
对手术室 (OR) 到重症监护室 (ICU) 患者的移交实施故障模式和影响分析 (FMEA) 确定了关键风险和故障. 这种方法改善了跨学科的理解,并突出了提高患者安全和护理质量的可行步骤.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 患者安全 患者安全
- 风险管理 风险管理
背景情况:
- 在手术室 (OR) 和重症监护室 (ICU) 之间的患者移交是高风险事件,导致可预防的伤害和可变的质量结果.
- 有效的管理系统和支持过程对于可靠的临床结果至关重要,特别是在关键患者转移期间.
研究的目的:
- 确定OR-to-ICU患者交换通信中的风险因素,导致错误和患者伤害.
- 实施和评估一种新的,跨学科的风险管理方法,以提高患者移交的质量和安全.
主要方法:
- 与多学科的医疗保健提供者进行了故障模式和影响分析 (FMEA),采用五步风险管理方法.
- 从巴西圣保罗一家三级医院的两个半结构焦点小组收集了数据,随后进行了相似性分析.
主要成果:
- 联邦卫生事务管理局确定了12个过程失败和36个原因,导致12个后果,突出了与患者,员工和机构相关的风险.
- 跨学科的方法促进了对移交过程的整体理解,揭示了不同团队成员的支持者,困难和心理模型.
- 在OR-to-ICU移交过程中的关键危险步骤被确定为有针对性的改进.
结论:
- 一个动态的,跨学科的风险管理策略有效地重新设计了围绕患者和临床医生需求的OR-to-ICU患者交接.
- 实施该计划有助于识别危险的流程故障,并定义可行的预防计划以减轻风险,从而提高交付质量和安全性.
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