牛牛奶质量:对组成和体细胞数量季节性影响的研究
Claudia F Viana1, Ana C C Lopes1, Rosemary S Conrrado2
1Department of Food Technology and Inspection, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
Journal of dairy science
|December 19, 2024
概括
巴西水牛牛奶的质量因季节而异,夏季/春季脂肪和蛋白质较高,但乳糖较低. 体细胞计数 (SCC) 与乳糖相关,水牛奶SCC通常低于母牛奶.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 牛奶是全球重要的粮食来源,但影响巴西农场牛奶质量的因素仍未得到充分研究.
- 巴西面临着对水牛奶的最低法律参数的挑战,尽管拥有大量的水牛群和成熟的乳制品加工.
- 了解水牛牛奶成分和体细胞计数 (SCC) 的季节性变化对于质量评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西热带地区的水牛牛奶的组成参数 (脂肪,蛋白质,乳糖,总固体,非脂肪固体) 和SCC.
- 分析季节和气候对水牛牛奶质量指标的影响.
- 为了将水牛牛奶SCC与同一地区牛奶的牛奶进行比较.
主要方法:
- 分析了2211个原始水牛奶样本的组成参数,使用福里埃变换红外光谱学.
- 通过流式细胞计量来确定体细胞计数 (SCC).
- 收集和分析官方气候数据,使用描述性,多变量统计和主要组件分析.
主要成果:
- 在夏季和春季观察到脂肪,蛋白质,非脂肪固体 (SNF) 和总固体 (TS) 的较高度.
- 乳糖度在夏季和春季是最低的,显示与SCC的反向关系.
- 在同一地区,水牛奶的SCC通常低于牛奶的SCC,在春季和秋季SCC最高.
结论:
- 季节性变化显著影响水牛牛奶的成分,表现出与通常在牛奶中看到的趋势相反的趋势.
- 乳糖度是与水牛牛奶中SCC相关的关键因素.
- 需要进一步的研究来评估季节性质量波动对牛奶支付系统的财务影响.
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