患有唐氏综合征的学龄儿童的大脑容量,认知和适应能力
Rebecca Grzadzinski1,2, Kattia Mata3, Ambika S Bhatt3
1Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101, Renee Lynne Court, Carrboro, NC, 27510, USA. Rebecca_grzadzinski@med.unc.edu.
Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
|December 20, 2024
概括
与正常发育的儿童相比,患有唐氏综合征 (DS) 的儿童表现出较低的认知能力和较小的大脑体积. 然而,他们的适应性日常生活技能与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者相似.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 唐氏综合症 (DS) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍,每700名新生儿中就有1名患有该疾病.
- 关于DS的神经生物学及其行为相关的研究有限.
- 这项研究调查了DS的学龄儿童的皮质体积和行为联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查患有唐氏综合征的儿童的神经生物学差异.
- 为了将大脑结构与DS的行为结果相关联.
- 为了比较DS,ASD和典型发育 (TD) 儿童的神经生物学和行为.
主要方法:
- 在没有镇静剂的情况下,对学龄儿童 (平均年龄9.7岁) 进行了MRI扫描.
- 进行了认知和适应性评估.
- 这些组包括患有DS (n=35),ASD (n=29) 和TD (n=80) 的儿童.
主要成果:
- 与ASD和TD组相比,DS儿童的认知能力较低.
- 在DS和ASD组之间,日常生活技能是可比的,两者都低于TD.
- DS儿童的总脑体积 (TCV),灰质 (GM) 和白质 (WM) 量较小,即使对TCV,年龄和性别进行控制.
结论:
- 尽管认知能力较低,大脑体积较小,但DS儿童的适应技能缺陷与ASD儿童相似.
- 在DS中,除了大脑总体大小之外,还注意到了特定的叶片体积差异 (例如,额叶和叶).
- 大脑小脑体积与DS患者的日常生活行为相关,这表明了新的研究途径.
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