与基于尖峰和核囊的DNA疫苗共同免疫,以获得对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron的长期保护性免疫力
Paolla Beatriz Almeida Pinto1,2, Julia Timis1, Kantinan Chuensirikulchai1,3
1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, 92037, USA.
NPJ vaccines
|December 20, 2024
概括
结合尖峰 (S) 和核囊 (N) 抗原的下一代COVID-19疫苗通过增强细胞免疫力来增强对SARS-CoV-2变体的长期保护. 这种双抗原方法提供了比S-only疫苗更持久的免疫力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 像Omicron BA.2这样的SARS-CoV-2变种对当前基于尖端 (S) 的COVID-19疫苗的长期有效性构成重大挑战.
- 疫苗诱导的保护的持久性对于持续控制大流行病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查DNA疫苗中S和核体 (N) 抗原的结合是否与单独基于S的疫苗相比,提高了对SARS-CoV-2变种的保护的耐用性.
- 评估细胞免疫力,特别是CD4+和CD8+T细胞在疫苗诱导的保护中的作用.
主要方法:
- K18-hACE2小鼠用野生型的SARS-CoV-2S基,N基或S+N组合DNA疫苗进行免疫接种.
- 通过测量多功能CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应来评估免疫性.
- 通过对SARS-CoV-2变种挑战 (Beta和Omicron BA.2) 的短期和长期保护来评估有效性.
- 通过消耗CD4+和CD8+T细胞来检查T细胞的作用,以评估它们对疫苗疗效的影响.
主要成果:
- 所有疫苗 (S,N和S+N) 都诱导了多功能CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应.
- 在所有疫苗类型中观察到对Beta和Omicron BA.2变种的短期交叉保护.
- 只有S+N联合免疫接种疫苗能够对Omicron BA.2变种提供长期保护.
- CD4+和CD8+T细胞的耗尽显著降低了疫苗的长期疗效.
结论:
- 同时服用S和N抗原会扩大和加强细胞免疫力,从而对SARS-CoV-2变种提供更持久的保护.
- 结合S和N抗原的下一代COVID-19疫苗具有显著的潜力,可以增强长寿免疫力并对抗病毒进化.
更多相关视频
08:07A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
Published on: July 25, 2022
2.5K
08:07Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques
Published on: January 12, 2024
663
相关概念视频
Immunological Memory
527
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
527
Vaccinations
44.1K
Overview
44.1K
Conjugated Proteins
18.2K
Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
18.2K
Cross-reactivity
31.0K
Overview
31.0K
Active versus Passive Immunity
564
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
564
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
956
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
956
