可食用昆虫的脉冲电场处理会诱导热辅助微生物无活化
L J H Sweers1,2, M Mishyna2, L M Ahrné3
1Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Current research in food science
|December 20, 2024
概括
昆虫的脉冲电场 (PEF) 处理对微生物安全有希望,但高强度会增加温度,改变蛋白质结构. 将PEF与温和加热相结合可能为可持续的基于昆虫的食品提供一个可行的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 基于昆虫的成分提供可持续的蛋白质替代品.
- 微生物安全性和酶失活对于昆虫成分生产至关重要.
- 传统的热处理可能会对蛋白质结构产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 探索脉冲电场 (PEF) 技术在昆虫泥中微生物无活化的有效性.
- 评估PEF对蛋白质结构和内源蛋白酶活性的影响.
- 为了确定PEF是否可以作为一种非热方法来处理昆虫成分.
主要方法:
- 在pH值为3的小粉虫和家泥被用连续和批量PEF处理.
- 测量了微生物无活化,温度变化,蛋白质溶解度,蛋白质结构 (SDS-PAGE,FTIR) 和蛋白酶活性.
- PEF强度在0到450kJ/kg之间.
主要成果:
- 高强度PEF (>150kJ/kg) 实现了显著的微生物减少 (高达5log),但温度增加到75°C,改变了蛋白质结构.
- 低强度的PEF没有影响蛋白质构成或蛋白酶活性,但对微生物无活化无效 (<1日志减少).
- 由于PEF处理导致温度升高,这表明在这些条件下它不是一种纯粹的非热方法.
结论:
- PEF有效地使昆虫泥中的微生物无活化,但在更高的强度下会导致温度升高,影响蛋白质结构.
- 由于温度的影响,PEF不是这些昆虫样本的非热处理方法.
- PEF显示了障碍技术的潜力,特别是当与适度加热相结合时,以确保微生物安全,同时保持蛋白质质量. 建议进一步研究与其他温和加工技术和蛋白质溶解度最佳PEF强度的协同效应.
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