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相关概念视频

Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

2.8K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.8K
Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

6.8K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
6.8K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

13.4K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.4K
Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
3.9K
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

5.2K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics
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Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics

Published on: May 22, 2016

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细胞和组织特异性糖基化途径由单细胞转录组学提供信息.

Panagiotis Chrysinas1, Shriramprasad Venkatesan1, Isaac Ang2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo-SUNY, 308 Furnas Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.

NAR genomics and bioinformatics
|December 20, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究表明,人类细胞表达了大约一半的潜在糖基因. 糖化模式因细胞和组织类型而异,不同的转录因子调节不同的糖化步骤.

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Analysis of SCAP N-glycosylation and Trafficking in Human Cells
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics
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Published on: May 22, 2016

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Analysis of SCAP N-glycosylation and Trafficking in Human Cells
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Analysis of SCAP N-glycosylation and Trafficking in Human Cells

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Identifying Cell Surface Markers of Primary Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells by Metabolic Labeling of Sialoglycan
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科学领域:

  • 葡萄糖科学 葡萄糖科学
  • 单细胞生物学 单细胞生物学
  • 人类基因组学 人类基因组学

背景情况:

  • 单细胞研究在许多生物学领域取得了进步,但在葡萄糖科学方面发展不足.
  • 了解细胞糖化对于各种生物过程和疾病机制至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 分析不同的人类组织和细胞类型的单细胞糖基因表达.
  • 为了识别糖基因和糖路径表达中的层次结构.
  • 探索转录因子在调节糖基化中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 利用智能表数据集进行单细胞基因表达分析.
  • 应用了一种特定于糖化基因的基因本体学 (GlycoEnzOnto) 来进行分析.
  • 在不同的测序深度下,研究了糖基因表达水平.
  • 分析了与糖基因相关的转录因子 (TF) 结合位.

主要成果:

  • 单个细胞在中位数测序深度检测到400个糖基因中的大约40-50个糖基因,和度在200~.
  • 核酸糖合成和运输基因表现最高,其次是核心酶,修饰和终端糖甘基因.
  • 确定了特定于细胞和组织的糖化模式,以及调节糖化的独特TF分组.
  • 开发了用于探索糖基因,糖路和TF相互连接的网络工具.

结论:

  • 人类细胞表达了很大一部分的糖基因谱,表达水平因细胞类型和来源而异.
  • 糖基化是一种复杂的过程,由不同的转录因子调节,并表现出特定于组织的细微差别.
  • 这项研究提供了人类在多个器官系统的糖化过程的全面概述.