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在初级保健中可持续预防跌倒的综合解决方案:一个务实的混合型2混合方法实施和有效性研究
Lindy Clemson1, Lynette Mackenzie1, Meryl Lovarini1
1Ageing and Health Research Group, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Frontiers in public health
|December 20, 2024
概括
该iSOLVE项目增强了全科医生 (GPs) 和相关卫生专业人员 (AHPs) 的跌倒预防策略. 虽然它没有降低跌倒率,但它增加了GP的参与和转诊,改善了对老年患者的积极护理.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 跌倒是老年人中严重的公共卫生问题,导致受伤和降低生活质量.
- 有效的防摔需要综合策略,涉及全科医生 (GPs) 和相关卫生专业人员 (AHP).
- 当前的初级保健模式可能不能完全支持主动的跌倒风险评估和管理.
研究的目的:
- 在初级保健中实施和评估综合防摔流程和途径.
- 评估教育干预措施和决策工具对全科医生的防摔活动的影响.
- 评估AHP在提供基于证据的防摔干预措施方面的升级技能.
主要方法:
- 混合方法 (并行) 设计,包括调查,定性数据和集群随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 干预涉及澳大利亚悉尼一级卫生网络 (PHN) 中的AHP和全科医生的教育工具/干预工作坊.
- 通过参与者调查,实践变化反和患者跌倒率分析收集的数据.
主要成果:
- AHP研讨会增加了信心,并加强了预防跌倒的交付 (p < 0.001).
- 干预组的全科医生在3个月后增加了对预防摔倒活动的参与和转介给AHP的参与 (p = 0.002).
- 没有观察到患者跌倒率的显著降低 (IRR = 0.96),尽管区域范围内的全科医生转诊AHP在5年内增加了 (70%至82%,p = 0.028).
结论:
- 该iSOLVE项目成功地为全科医生提供了工具和策略,以便在预防跌倒方面采取更积极的方法.
- 提高AHP的技能和促进初级保健网络中的连接性对于最大限度地提高预防跌倒举措的影响至关重要.
- 虽然没有实现直接降低跌倒率,但该项目改善了系统层面的参与和推途径,以预防老年人跌倒.
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