在接受血造干细胞移植的患者中,自由化的饮食不会改善中性质衰竭期间的热量摄入:一项前性随机对照试验
Jenna N Schulz1, Kristina H McGee1, Michael T Weaver2
1Department of Food and Nutrition Services, University of Florida Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
概括
自由化饮食 (LD) 在中性衰竭期间与中性衰竭饮食 (ND) 相比,在血造干细胞移植 (HSCT) 患者中没有改善能量摄入或减少体重减轻. 需要采取替代策略来改善这些患者的营养.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 中性衰减饮食是血液造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 患者感染预防的标准实践.
- 它的有效性是有争议的,其限制性可能会对口服摄入量较低的患者的营养摄入产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了在HSCT患者中比较自由化饮食 (LD) 与中性衰竭的医院饮食 (ND).
- 为了确定LD是否可以提高能量摄入量,并减少中性衰竭期间的体重减轻.
主要方法:
- 一个随机对照试验在一个单一的HSCT/血液恶性瘤单位进行.
- 饮食干预开始于绝对中性粒细胞计数<500细胞/毫米3,并持续到中性粒细胞恢复 (平均9.5天).
- 评估了口服饮食摄入量和体重变化.
主要成果:
- 在LD和ND组之间,食的遵守是相似的 (47%与43%对比,P=0.66).
- 两组之间的平均能量摄入量 (678 vs. 724 kcal/d),蛋白质摄入量 (30.3 vs. 30.4 g/day) 或体重变化 (0.3 vs. 1.2 kg) 没有显著差异.
- 诸如粘膜炎的严重程度和移植类型等因素影响了能量和蛋白质摄入量.
结论:
- 包括新鲜水果和蔬菜在内的自由化饮食在HSCT患者中中性质衰竭期间没有增加能量摄入.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索替代的饮食方法,重点是能量密度高,营养密度高的食物,对粘膜炎患者具有可接受的感官特征.
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