脆弱人群中的脏护理差异:来自ISN-GKHA的跨国研究
Robin L Erickson1, Nivedita Kamath2, Arpana Iyengar3
1Paediatric Kidney Service, Starship Children's Hospital, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
PLOS global public health
|December 20, 2024
概括
在全球范围内,弱势群体对置换疗法 (KRT) 的获取是有限的. 儿童和难民在血液透析,腹腔透析和移植方面面临重大障碍,这凸显了对公平护理策略的未满足需求.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 获得医疗保健 获得医疗保健 获得医疗保健
背景情况:
- 包括老年人,儿童,流离失所者和难民在内的弱势群体在获得基本医疗保健服务方面经常面临重大障碍.
- 公平获得脏护理,特别是脏替代疗法 (KRT) 是一个关键的全球卫生挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球弱势群体获得和提供脏护理的现状.
- 确定不同收入水平国家的不同弱势群体中置换疗法 (KRT) 资金和覆盖范围的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了国际脏学会全球脏健康图谱 (ISN-GKHA) 第三版的数据.
- 在167个国家对临床医生,政策制定者和患者倡导者进行了国际调查.
- 对弱势群体进行血液透析 (HD),腹腔透析 (PD) 和移植 (KT) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 儿童获得的KRT比成年人少,儿科护理的 nefrologist可用性明显较低.
- 难民和流离失所者面临KRT的重大障碍,在低收入国家 (LICs) 与高收入国家 (HICs) 相比,获得KRT的机会明显较低.
- 与HIC相比,LIC和中等收入国家老年人群的常规病检测在LIC和中等收入国家较少.
结论:
- 弱势群体,特别是儿童和流离失所者,平等获得置换疗法 (KRT) 仍然是一个关键的未满足需求.
- 在基于年龄,流离失所状态和国家收入水平的基础上,KRT访问存在显著的差异.
- 迫切需要有针对性的战略来解决这些不平等问题,并改善全球对所有人的脏护理服务.
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