通过基于结构的突变发生改变热稳定性细菌单胺氧化酶的基质特异性
Lorenzo Basile1, Chiara Poli1, Lars L Santema2
1Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
|December 20, 2024
概括
细菌单胺氧化酶 (MAO) 是重要的生物催化剂. 这项研究揭示了热稳定细菌MAO (MAOTb) 的结构和基质特异性,确定了酶工程的关键残留物.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 酶学 是一种酶学.
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 细菌单胺氧化酶 (MAO) 是FAD依赖的酶,在生物催化剂中具有重要的工业应用,包括药物合成和生物传感器开发.
- 来自Thermoanaerobacterales细菌 (MAOTb) 的耐热MAO与人类的MAO结构相关,可以在大肠杆菌中产生.
- MAOTb对各种单胺具有活性,包括n-基,多胺和芳香胺.
研究的目的:
- 阐明MAOTb中基质结合和特异性的结构基础.
- 确定负责基质识别和催化活性的关键氨基酸残留物.
- 为有针对性的生物催化应用提供工程MAOTb的见解.
主要方法:
- 结晶学被用来以高分辨率确定MAOTb与各种基质 (普素,胺,精子胺,n-胺) 复合的结构.
- 进行了序列对齐,以比较MAOTb与人类的MAO和普特氧化酶.
- 用定位突变发生法来研究特定残留物 (Ala168,Thr199,Val324) 在基质结合和特异性中的作用.
主要成果:
- 晶体结构揭示了MAOTb活性部位内的基质结合模式,突出显示了flavin环附近的保存特征和与人类MAO相比更开放的活性部位入口.
- 内部活性部位腔内,保留了人类的MAO,具有两种对基质氨基结合至关重要的氨酸残留物.
- 突变性研究确定了Ala168,Thr199和Val324作为影响基质特异性的关键残留物. 该A168D变体增强了素活性,而Thr199Trp和Val324Trp变体增加了对n-基和芳香胺的活性.
结论:
- MAOTb拥有独特的活跃站点架构,允许广泛的基质特异性,与人类MAO相比,在入口处具有独特的特征.
- 特定的残留物,特别是Ala168,Thr199和Val324,在确定基质偏好和催化效率方面发挥着关键作用.
- 这项研究为设计MAOTb用于定制生物催化剂应用提供了结构和机制基础,扩大了其在工业中的实用性.
更多相关视频
11:27X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
Published on: May 13, 2020
3.9K
11:36A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
Published on: July 3, 2016
10.8K
相关概念视频
Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
5.7K
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function. For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
5.7K
Ligand Binding and Linkage
4.8K
Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked. In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence...
4.8K
Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis
7.9K
For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
7.9K
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions
7.8K
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
7.8K
