随机临床试验中的营养干预,用于患有不可治愈固体癌症的人:系统性审查
Amy Mcluskie1, Megan Bowers2, Jo Bayly2
1Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|December 21, 2024
概括
营养干预措施有望改善不可治愈的癌症患者的生活质量和体重. 需要进一步的研究来确定营养支持和整体生存的最佳策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 营养不良常见于无法治愈的癌症患者中,对结果产生负面影响.
- 最佳营养护理被认为具有改善患者痛苦和瘤结果的潜力.
- 本综述侧重于针对不可治愈癌症的随机对照试验中的营养干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查不可治愈癌症随机对照试验中的营养干预措施的多样性和频率.
- 评估这些营养干预措施的遵守性和有效性.
- 描述单独执行的干预措施或作为多式联络方法的一部分.
主要方法:
- 在遵守PRISMA指南的基础上进行系统审查.
- 从2000年1月到2023年9月的时间里,在MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL和CENTRAL进行了搜索.
- 包括患有无法治愈的固体癌症 (N≥40) 的成年患者,持续时间≥14天的干预,不包括治疗意图或血液癌症.
主要成果:
- 包括18项涉及2720名参与者的研究,重点关注多模式干预,饮食咨询,营养补充剂和亲肠道营养 (PN).
- 在4/15的研究中,对生活质量 (QoL),在5/15的研究中对体重,在2/15的研究中对无脂肪质量 (FFM) 发现了积极的结果.
- 在一项研究中,营养状况显示出显著的差异 (PG-SGA得分);偏差风险各不相同,其中6项研究具有低风险.
结论:
- 营养干预表明,在不可治愈的癌症中,对QoL,体重和营养摄入量有潜在的益处.
- 最佳的营养干预策略仍未确定.
- 未来的研究应该探索诊断时的早期营养干预措施及其对结果,QoL和整体生存时间 (OS) 的影响.
更多相关视频
04:04Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer
Published on: February 12, 2017
10.4K
09:11Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: May 24, 2024
381
相关概念视频
Cancer Prevention
6.0K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.0K
Cancer Survival Analysis
328
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
328
Cancer Therapies
7.5K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.5K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.4K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.4K
Clinical Trials
6.6K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
6.6K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.8K
