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最近在研究北极永久土生态系统中的生物地质化学方面的进展

Beatriz Malcata Martins¹, Holger Hintelmann², Martin Pilote³

¹Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Centre d´études nordiques (CEN), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

The Science of the total environment

|December 21, 2024

概括

全球变暖正在导致永久土融化,释放 (Hg) 和其他污染物. 这种解对生态系统和人类健康构成重大风险,需要进一步研究这些脆弱地区的循环.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
地质化学地质化学
气候科学气候科学

背景情况:

永久土覆盖北半球的15%,作为 (Hg) 等污染物的长期储存库.
是一种有毒的重金属,对生态系统,生物和人类健康构成全球风险,正如"米纳马塔公约"所述.
由于全球变暖,北极的扩大正在加速永久土的融化,影响生态系统和污染物流动.

研究的目的:

综合审查目前对永久土地区 (Hg) 循环的理解.
探索全球变暖和永久土融化对 (Hg) 流动性和生物地球化学循环的影响.
确定现有的研究缺口,并提出有关 (Hg) 在化永久土中的未来研究方向.

主要方法:

对永久土中的 (Hg) 现有科学研究的文献综述.
对气候变化和北极扩大对永久土退化影响的分析.
综合有关 (Hg) 生物地质化学和融化永久土环境中的运输现有知识.

主要成果:

永久土的融化释放了先前被封存的 (Hg),增加了它的环境流动性.
全球变暖和北极扩大是加速永久土融化和 (Hg) 释放的关键驱动因素.
永久土融的 (Hg) 循环对生态系统水文和潜在的不良人类健康影响有重大影响.

结论:

由于潜在的环境和健康风险,了解永久融中的 (Hg) 循环至关重要.
需要进行进一步的研究,以解决在不断变暖的永久土地区中对 (Hg) 动态的知识差距.
有效的监测和缓解策略对于管理 (Hg) 污染风险,即降解永久土的风险至关重要.

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