皮内免疫与皮下免疫:使用脂质-PLGA混合纳米颗粒结核病疫苗的给药途径的影响
M M Szachniewicz1, S J F van den Eeden1, K E van Meijgaarden1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, LUCID, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), The Netherlands.
概括
在小鼠体内注射一种新的结核病疫苗候选剂,产生了比皮下输送更强的免疫反应. 这一途径增强了对结核病保护至关重要的多功能T细胞和抗体.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 构成了全球健康威胁,目前的巴塞卢斯卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 疫苗表现出不同的疗效.
- 改善结核病疫苗接种策略的需要至关重要,特别是对于青少年和成年人来说.
- 疫苗的注射途径显著影响免疫性,由于免疫细胞丰富,基于皮肤的输送可能更优越.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较一种新型结核病疫苗候选人的皮内注射与皮下注射的免疫效应.
- 为了评估通过脂质多重 (D,L-乳酸-co-糖酸) (脂质-PLGA) 纳米颗粒传递的重组蛋白 (AER) 诱导的免疫反应.
- 确定增强抗结核病保护性免疫力的最佳途径.
主要方法:
- 一种候选结核病疫苗,包括脂质-PLGA纳米颗粒中的Ag85B-ESAT6-Rv2034 (AER) 复合蛋白,被内和皮下给小鼠.
- 通过使用27标记物光谱流细胞计,分析了脊髓细胞中的免疫反应.
- 量化了AER特异性抗体标位和T细胞细胞因子 (IL-2,IFNγ,TNFα) 的产生.
主要成果:
- 这两种施用途径都诱导了显著的T细胞反应.
- 皮内注射独特地增强了产生IL-2,IFNγ和TNFα的多功能CD4+和CD8+T细胞.
- 皮内输送也增加了CD69+B细胞计数和增加了AER特异性抗体标位,特别是IgG2a.
结论:
- 基于AER的结核病候选疫苗的皮内注射表明,与皮下输送相比,结核病疫苗具有更高的免疫性.
- 这一途径有效地诱导关键的免疫细胞和与防治结核病相关的抗体反应.
- 皮内疫苗接种是开发更有效的结核病疫苗的有希望的策略.
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