对尿液培养的抗生素敏感性的预测模型的外部验证
Glenn T Werneburg1, Daniel D Rhoads2,3,4, Alex Milinovich5
1Department of Urology, Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
BJU international
|December 22, 2024
概括
机器学习可以比标准测试提前三天准确预测抗生素耐药性. 这可以改善抗生素管理和患者护理,使得更快,更合适的治疗决策.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是一个日益增长的全球健康威胁.
- 及时准确的抗生素敏感性测试 (AST) 对于有效的治疗和抗菌药物管理至关重要.
- 目前的AST方法通常需要几天的周转时间,从而延迟最佳治疗.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证用于预测抗生素敏感性测试 (AST) 结果的机器学习算法.
- 为了使AST结果的预测比标准尿液培养结果提前三天.
- 通过早期预测,改善抗生素管理和患者的结果.
主要方法:
- 开发和训练机器学习算法在超过470万成人尿液培养的AST分类 (2012-2022).
- 在地理上遥远的医院系统 (距离1931公里) 的数据上使用外部验证的算法.
- 在当代队列中临床验证的算法,将其预测与临床医生规定的经验治疗进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在临床验证期间,算法对11种抗生素表现出高准确度 (AUC 0.71-0.94),随着生物体的识别 (AUC 0.79-0.97) 得到改善.
- 算法在外部验证中保持了准确性 (AUC 0.69-0.87),并在局部抗生素图表上训练时得到改善 (AUC 0.70-0.93).
- 与临床医生选择相比,算法建议的经验性抗生素覆盖率更频繁地充足.
结论:
- 机器学习算法可以在AST结果公布前三天准确地预测尿液培养易感性与耐药性.
- 这些算法的临床实施具有显著的潜力,可以提高患者护理和抗菌药物管理.
- 对抗生素敏感性的早期预测可以指导更有效和及时的治疗决策.
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