基于学校的预防计划是否会影响青春期同时出现的酒精使用和心理痛苦?
J Halladay1,2,3, M Sunderland2, N C Newton2
1School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Psychological medicine
|December 22, 2024
概括
学校的课程可以防止青少年的酒精使用和心理困扰. 气候学校和PreVenture等具体计划有效地减少了共同发生的风险,突出了针对性预防策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 心理健康干预措施 心理健康干预
背景情况:
- 青春期是预防物质使用和心理健康问题的关键时期.
- 同时出现的酒精使用和心理痛苦是常见的,并且与不良结果有关.
- 现有的以学校为基础的课程往往单独针对这些问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估领导学校预防计划对青少年同时使用酒精和心理困扰的有效性.
- 为了比较不同预防计划对不同结果的影响:同时出现的问题,仅使用酒精,仅痛苦.
主要方法:
- 来自澳大利亚两项集群随机试验的数据分析,涉及97所学校8576名学生.
- 从基线和多次随访 (长达36个月) 的统一数据,年龄在13-16岁之间.
- 用于评估各种预防计划中不同结果类别的相对风险的多层次多项规则回归.
主要成果:
- 联合的气候学校课程 (CSC) 和PreVenture计划显著降低了同时使用酒精和心理痛苦的风险.
- 这些特定计划在36个月的随访期内显示出有效性 (RRCSC = 0.37;RRPreVenture = 0.22).
- 其他评估的计划 (不包括气候学校:心理健康) 仅在减少酒精使用时有效,而没有同时发生的痛苦.
结论:
- 基于证据的学校课程可以降低早期酒精使用的风险,无论是否伴有同时发生的心理痛苦.
- 仅仅预防心理痛苦就需要进一步的研究和可能不同的策略.
- 预防计划的效果因酒精使用和痛苦的同时发生而有所不同,这表明需要量身定制的方法.
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