人工智能对COVID-19的胸部X射线图进行评估
Koji Sasaki1, Guillermo Garcia-Manero2, Masayuki Nigo3
1Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia
|December 22, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在胸部放射图上检测COVID-19肺炎时显示出高精度,为有限的RT-PCR测试提供了潜在的替代方案. 这种人工智能工具可以帮助识别需要进一步评估2019年冠状病毒疾病的患者.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 反转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 对于诊断严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的敏感性有限.
- 胸部计算机断层扫描 (CT) 提供高灵敏度,但在流行病期间的可用性有限.
- 通过人工智能 (AI) 增强的胸部放射图可能有助于检测2019年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 肺炎特征.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种人工智能算法,用于使用胸部放射图检测COVID-19肺炎.
- 评估人工智能增强型胸部放射成像作为COVID-19肺炎的诊断工具的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个深层卷积神经网络被训练在一个数据集的8851正常,6045肺炎,和200个COVID-19肺炎胸部X射线图.
- 数据集被分为培训 (n=13,586) 和测试 (n=1510) 组.
- 人工智能模型的预测准确性使用独立的外部验证数据集进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 人工智能评估的灵敏度为96.8%,预测值为90.9%.
- 在外部验证中,AI在91%的患者中,在85%的病例 (174/204放射) 中正确识别了COVID-19肺炎.
- 人工智能评估与免疫功能低下患者的暗示性COVID-19特征以及健康个体的正常发现相关.
结论:
- 基于人工智能对胸部放射图的评估可以有效地识别可疑的肺病变,表明COVID-19肺炎.
- 这种AI方法可能有助于对患者进行确认性胸部CT扫描,可能在疾病进展之前.
相关概念视频
Assessment of Respiration
1.1K
The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
1.1K
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
209
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
209
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
142
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
142
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles
960
A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
960
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
229
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
229
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
156
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
156


