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Gregory J Tyrrell^1,2,3,4, Matthew Croxen^1,2,3,4, Emily McCullough³

¹Division of Diagnostic and Applied Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Epidemiology and infection

|December 23, 2024

概括

在加拿大阿尔伯塔省,A组链球菌 (Streptococcus pyogenes) 感染在流行病后急剧增加. 炎和侵袭性疾病的增加率,特别是在儿童中,突显了迫切需要疫苗的需求.

科学领域:

传染性疾病传染性疾病
流行病学流行病学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

包括Streptococcus pyogenes在内的A组链球菌 (GAS) 感染,在COVID-19后的全球范围内显示出日益增加的发病率.
了解S. pyogenes喉炎和侵入性疾病的流行病学趋势对于公共卫生干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

描述从2018年到2023年在加拿大阿尔伯塔省S. pyogenes喉炎和侵袭性疾病的流行病学.
确定与S. pyogenes感染相关的发病率,季节性和流行型的趋势.

主要方法:

从喉炎病例 (喉抹布) 和侵入性疾病 (无菌部位或严重的皮肤感染) 中分离的S. pyogenes的回顾性分析.
emm类型化S. pyogenes分离物以表征循环的菌株.
对流行病学数据的分析,包括季节性,年龄分布和发病率.

主要成果:

在2018-2023年期间,共记录了182,983个阳性喉炎标本 (17.6%的阳性率).
喉炎和侵入性疾病的发病率在COVID-19干预期间下降,然后在之后急剧上升,在2023年 (0-9岁) 的儿童中,喉炎的发病率最高 (41.5%).
侵袭性疾病在2022-2023年增加,由emm1和emm12类型驱动,M1_UK菌株是最常见的 (59%的M1隔离物).

结论:

在COVID-19大流行之后,S. pyogenes感染,包括喉炎和侵入性疾病,在加拿大西部显著增加.
侵袭性疾病的增加与特定的EMM类型有关,强调需要有针对性的监测.
这些发现强调了开发和实施S. pyogenes疫苗的必要性.

关键词:

这是一种Streptococcus pyogenes.类型 emm 类型 emm 类型基因组学就是基因组学.侵袭性疾病侵袭性疾病喉炎是一种喉炎.

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