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小口腔手术后的术后恶心和吐:一个回顾性队列研究
Anesthesia progress
|December 23, 2024
概括
吸入麻醉 (IA) 与手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 的比率较高,与静脉内全麻醉 (TIVA) 相比. 女性性别和较高的Apfel分数是口腔手术患者PONV的显著风险因素.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 外科手术的结果
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 是全身麻醉后的一个常见并发症.
- 了解影响PONV的风险因素和麻醉技术对于改善患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了在口腔外科手术中比较吸入麻醉 (IA) 和全静脉麻醉 (TIVA) 之间的PONV发病率.
- 为了确定该患者群体中PONV的特定风险因素.
主要方法:
- 对188名年龄在16-85岁之间的小口腔手术患者进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 通过IA或TIVA进行麻醉,在0-24小时 (总体),0-2小时 (早期) 和2-24小时 (晚期) 评估PONV.
- 分析包括已知的PONV风险因素,包括性别和Apfel分数.
主要成果:
- 总体PONV发生在21.8%的患者中,早期PONV发生在18.6%的患者中,晚期PONV发生在7.4%的患者中.
- 与TIVA相比,IA与总体 (29.6%对13.3%) 和早期 (25.5%对11.1%) PONV显著更高的相关性.
- 女性性别和较高的Apfel分数是所有PONV阶段的显著预测因素.
结论:
- 麻醉技术 (IA与TIVA) 影响整体和早期PONV的发生率.
- 女性性别和升高的Apfel分数是PONV在所有时间间隔中的一致风险因素.
- 研究结果表明,TIVA可能更适合在精选的口腔手术患者中减少PONV.
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