在美国成年人中,饮食模式与慢性呼吸系统健康的关联
Hui Li1, XiaoLi Tang1, XinWei Guo1
1Department of Medical, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, China.
Frontiers in immunology
|December 23, 2024
概括
富含蛋白质,矿物质和纤维的高质量饮食与慢性呼吸道疾病 (CRD) 的风险降低有关. 缺乏这些营养素的不良饮食会增加CRD风险,无论使用的饮食评估方法如何.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 免疫系统功能与呼吸系统健康密切相关.
- 饮食显著影响免疫平衡和整体生活方式.
- 人们越来越认识到饮食模式对呼吸系统健康的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究各种饮食模式与慢性呼吸道疾病 (CRD) 风险之间的关联.
- 探索饮食质量指标与慢性支气管炎,肺气和喘发病率之间的关系.
- 确定有助于呼吸系统健康结果的特定饮食成分.
主要方法:
- 利用来自美国国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) (2007-2018) 的23042名美国成年人的数据.
- 使用健康饮食指数-2020 (HEI-2020),饮食炎症指数 (DII),地中海饮食指数 (MEDI) 和DASH-健康饮食指数 (DASHI) 评估饮食质量.
- 采用二进制物流回归,受限立方线 (RCS) 和加权四分位数和 (WQS) 模型.
主要成果:
- 较高的饮食质量得分始终与慢性呼吸道疾病风险降低相关.
- 剂量反应分析证实了饮食质量与呼吸系统疾病风险之间的反向关系.
- 高品质的蛋白质,矿物质和富含纤维的水果/蔬菜是促进饮食指数的积极健康结果的关键因素.
结论:
- 缺乏必需营养素 (蛋白质,矿物质,纤维) 的低质量饮食与慢性呼吸道疾病风险增加有关.
- 这些发现无论用于评估的特定饮食指数如何,都是如此.
- 促进富含营养丰富食物的饮食对于呼吸系统健康管理和预防至关重要.
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