气候变化与吸血蝙蝠扩散和狂犬病病毒溢出有关
Paige Van de Vuurst1,2, Huijie Qiao3, Diego Soler-Tovar4
1Virginia Tech Graduate School, Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Program, Blacksburg VA, USA.
Ecography
|December 23, 2024
概括
气候变化正在扩大北美普通吸血鬼蝙蝠 (Desmodus rotundus) 的范围,增加了狂犬病向牛的传播. 这凸显了全球变化如何放大野生动物,牲畜和人类疾病的风险.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 气候变化科学 气候变化科学
背景情况:
- 蝙蝠传播的病原体对全球健康构成重大风险,导致发病率和死亡率.
- 气候变化可能会改变蝙蝠生态,可能会增加动物传播疾病的出现.
- 常见的吸血鬼蝙蝠 (Desmodus rotundus) 是狂犬病的载体,影响牲畜和人类.
研究的目的:
- 研究气候变化对Desmodus rotundus分布生态学的影响.
- 分析气候变化和D. rotundus范围的扩大之间的关系.
- 评估蝙蝠范围扩张和狂犬病病毒溢出事件之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 过去一个世纪气候数据和蝙蝠分布记录的回顾性分析.
- 统计检查温度的一致性及其与蝙蝠捕获地点的关系.
- 在D. rotundus的范围扩大和狂犬病传播到牛群之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 在气候变化和北美D. rotundus分布的北方扩张之间发现了正相关性.
- 在蝙蝠捕获地点观察到更一致,更少季节性温度的趋势.
- 在过去的50年中,在D. rotundus的范围扩大和狂犬病病毒扩散到牛群之间发现了联系.
结论:
- 气候变化影响蝙蝠的分布,增加了蝙蝠传播疾病的风险.
- 狂犬病系统作为气候变化对野生动物-牲畜-人类界面的影响的模型.
- 全球变化的机制可以通过相互连接的生态系统扩大疾病的出现.
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