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对主观体验报告进行定量分析的一种新方法:应用到迷幻视觉体验

Sean Noah^1,2,3, Miranda Shen^1,4, Earth Erowid⁴

¹UC Berkeley Center for the Science of Psychedelics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.

Frontiers in psychology

|December 23, 2024

概括

迷幻药物会引起各种各样的视觉效应. 这项研究发现,在不同类型的迷幻药物中,即使在同一类药物中,视觉变化也存在一致的差异.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
心理药理学心理药理学

背景情况:

众所周知,像LSD和psilocybin这样的迷幻化合物会改变视觉感知.
不同类型的迷幻药物之间视觉效果的具体差异在很大程度上仍未得到量化.

研究的目的:

调查各种类型的迷幻物质对视觉效果的一致性和变化.
量化分析与精神活性物质相关的定性自我报告的视觉体验.

主要方法:

利用来自Erowid的大量自我报告文本数据集,分析了103种精神活性物质.
采用OpenAI的嵌入模型来表示文本数据,并训练了一个分类器来识别视觉效果描述.
对比30种迷幻和73种非迷幻物质的视觉效果报告.

主要成果:

在不同物质中,包括在迷幻类别内,在视觉效果描述的比例中发现了显著和一致的变化.
确定了不同类型的迷幻药所报告的视觉效果类型 (例如颜色,图案,运动) 的显著和一致的变化.
在迷幻药物如何影响视力和这些视觉变化的定性性质方面展示了可靠的差异.

结论:

迷幻药物表现出明显而可靠的视觉效应模式.
视觉感知变化的定性性质在不同的迷幻化合物之间有很大差异.
这项研究提供了定量证据,证明了迷幻药对视觉体验的微妙影响.

关键词:

欧罗伊德 (Erowid) 是一种类型的动物.大型语言模型 (LLM)自然语言处理自然语言处理.迷幻药物迷幻药物是一种精神药物.精神活性物质是一种精神活性物质.主观影响是主观的影响.视觉效果视觉效果视觉效果视觉感知视觉感知视觉感知

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