在可变可靠性自动化中校准信任,依赖和依赖
Christopher Holland1, Grace Perry1, Heather F Neyedli1
1Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
概括
用户对自动化系统的信任并不总是与系统可靠性保持一致. 然而,对自动化的依赖紧随其可靠性的变化,显示出信任和行为之间的微妙关系.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 自动化和控制系统自动化和控制系统
背景情况:
- 用户信任和系统可靠性是影响对自动化系统的依赖的关键因素.
- 了解信任,可靠性和依赖之间的相互作用对于设计有效的人与自动化交互至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,信任和依赖之间存在着密切的联系,但在不同的可靠性条件下,这种关系的确切性质需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查自动化可靠性的增加和减少如何影响用户的信任.
- 调查用户信任的变化及其随后对自动化系统的依赖之间的关联.
- 确定用户信任是否与客观系统可靠性一致相关.
主要方法:
- 参与者使用自动化辅助器件执行了一项颜色识别任务.
- 建立了两个实验组:一个是自动化可靠性增加 (50%至100%),另一个是可靠性下降 (100%至50%).
- 测量包括用户的信任,自信和在整个任务中对自动化系统的行为依赖.
主要成果:
- 在经历可靠性增加的组和经历可靠性下降的组之间,没有观察到用户信任的显著差异.
- 参与者对自动化系统的依赖直接反映了系统可靠性的变化,无论它是否增加或减少.
- 信任水平并不总是反映出自动化的实际可靠性.
结论:
- 用户对自动化系统的信任并不总是直接或准确地反映系统的实际可靠性.
- 虽然信任可以影响用户的依赖,但它不是唯一的决定因素;行为依赖可以由系统性能驱动.
- 这些发现对自动化设计有影响,强调需要考虑用户如何根据观察到的系统性能来调整他们的行为,而不仅仅是感知到的信任.
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