上向注意力和阿尔茨海默氏病理影响学习过程中的皮质选择性,影响老年人的情节性记忆
Jintao Sheng1,2,3, Alexandra N Trelle2, America Romero1,2
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|December 23, 2024
概括
老龄化通过减少神经选择性而损害记忆力. 上下注意力提高了选择性,而阿尔茨海默病理 (AD) 减少了它,影响了老年人的记忆编码.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 人类的衰老与记忆力下降有关,部分原因是记忆形成期间神经功能发生变化.
- 减少神经选择性,减少对刺激的差异性皮质反应,是与年龄相关的记忆丧失的潜在贡献者.
- 影响神经选择性随年龄变化的因素尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究自上而下的注意力和临床前阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理对记忆编码期间神经选择性的影响.
- 探索学习过程中神经选择性如何与老年人记忆表现有关.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于156名在关联记忆任务期间在认知上不受损害的老年人中进行.
- 在面部和位置选择性皮质区域评估了神经选择性.
- 测量了血pTau181水平,以评估临床前阿尔茨海默病理.
主要成果:
- 与遗忘事件相比,随后记住的事件的神经选择性更高.
- 神经选择性与上下注意力变化有正相关,但与血pTau181水平有负相关.
- 路径分析表明,神经选择性介导了年龄,注意力和AD病理学对关联记忆的影响.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的记忆差异来自AD独立的注意力缺陷和AD相关的病理.
- 这些因素会影响事件编码过程中皮质表示的精度,影响记忆结果.
- 准注意力和AD病理可能提供策略来缓解老化中的记忆力下降.
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