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儿童切除后单半球患者的基于空间和对象的注意

Sophia Robert¹, Michael C Granovetter^1,2,3, Shouyu Ling⁴

¹Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|December 23, 2024

概括

接受半球切除术的个体表现出反应时间较慢,但从注意力线索中获得的好处相似. 然而,他们更多地与无效的线索作斗争,这表明在将注意力转移到对象中存在挑战.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知心理学认知心理学
发育神经科学的发展神经科学.

背景情况:

在成年人中,注意力处理通常是侧向的:空间注意力在右半球 (RH) 和基于对象的注意力在左半球 (LH).
了解严重早期脑损伤后的注意力发展对于理解神经可塑性和功能恢复至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了比较儿童半球切除术患者的空间和基于对象的注意力侧向化与典型的发展对照.
研究早期单边脑损伤如何影响注意力系统的发展.

主要方法:

利用修改的两矩形注意力范式来评估注意力处理.
患者 (LH或RH半球切除术) 和年龄匹配的对照之间的反应时间 (RTs) 和暗示效应的比较.

主要成果:

患者表现出较慢的RTs,但受益于有效的注意力线索,类似于对照组.
在无效试验中,患者的成本显著增加,特别是当注意力转移到对象时,与对照组不同.
在LH与RH切除的患者之间没有观察到RT成本的显著差异.

结论:

儿童半球切除术导致注意力控制的困难,特别是对象之间的焦点转移.
尽管在典型的成年人中出现横向化,但显著的早期脑损伤可能不会导致基于切除半球的明显注意力缺陷.
研究结果强调了大脑的显著可塑性和在早期神经损伤后注意力网络的复杂发展.

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