在婴儿的大脑中出现视觉类别表示的出现
Xiaoqian Yan1,2,3, Sarah Shi Tung1, Bella Fascendini1
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.
eLife
|December 23, 2024
概括
婴儿大脑对像面孔这样的视觉类别的反应在不同年龄出现,从大约4-6个月开始. 这个发育时间表提供了关于早期皮质发育和类别表示学习的见解.
科学领域:
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 将视觉输入组织成类别 (例如面孔,地点) 对于日常运作和社会互动至关重要.
- 婴儿期视觉类别神经表征出现的发展时间表在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿大脑中各种视觉类别的独特神经表现出现的年龄.
- 为了跟踪视觉类别选择性从3到15个月的发展.
主要方法:
- 利用稳定状态唤起的潜在电脑图 (ss-EEG) 来测量婴儿的皮质反应.
- 婴儿 (3-4,4-6,6-8和12-15个月) 观看了面部,四肢,走廊,人物和汽车的受控图像.
- 机器学习分类器被用来从大脑反应解码视觉刺激.
主要成果:
- 对视觉类别的明显皮质反应在婴儿时期的不同年龄出现.
- 对面部的可靠大脑反应首先出现 (4-6个月),其次是四肢和位置 (6-8个月).
- 在6到15个月之间,大脑反应模式变得更加明显,允许从神经数据中对观察到的物体进行分类.
结论:
- 视觉类别的神经表征是被学习的,并在婴儿时期顺序出现.
- 类别表示出现的时间差异对理解典型和非典型皮质发育有影响.
- 具有潜在的先天基质的类别在婴儿时期的不同发育阶段出现.
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