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南亚的预期寿命和医疗保健支出:一个计量经济学分析
Bharat Ram Dhungana1, Jitendra Kumar Singh2,3, Samrat Dhungana4
1School of Business, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Gandaki Province, Nepal.
PloS one
|December 23, 2024
概括
增加政府医疗保健支出和教育显著提高了南亚的预期寿命. 投资于这些领域可以提高健康结果和幸福感,从而延长更健康的生活.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 计量经济学 计量经济学
背景情况:
- 在南亚,自付费用是医疗保健的主要资金来源,导致医疗保健的获取减少,并导致潜在的负债.
- 公共卫生资金不足和医疗保险获取有限加剧了该地区的医疗保健挑战.
- 预期寿命是健康结果的关键指标,受到社会经济和医疗保健因素的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查医疗保健支出,人均国民总收入,预期的上学年数和南亚国家的预期寿命之间的关系.
- 为决策者提供有关通过战略投资改善健康成果的见解.
- 分析关键社会经济和健康指标之间的长期关联.
主要方法:
- 利用世界银行的二次数据 (2000-2021) 对八个南亚国家 (176 个观察).
- 采用先进的计量经济学模型:横截面依赖性测试,面板单元根和协同整合测试.
- 应用矢量错误纠正模型 (VECM),格兰杰因果关系和沃尔德测试,以进行可靠的分析.
主要成果:
- 医疗保健支出,人均国民总收入 (GNI) 和预期的上学年数显示出与健康结果的长期关联.
- 这三个因素 - - 医疗保健支出,人均国内生产总值 (GNI) 和教育 - - 都对提高预期寿命产生了实质性的积极影响.
- 矢量错误校正模型证实了这些变量与改善预期寿命之间的长期关系.
结论:
- 针对性和持续的医疗保健支出,再加上人均国内生产总值的增加,对于改善南亚的预期寿命至关重要.
- 促进教育对于提高健康素养和意识至关重要,导致更好的健康习惯和更长的预期寿命.
- 专注于医疗保健投资和教育成就的政策干预可以显著改善人口的健康和福祉.
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