在儿科患者的骨质炎和上肢败血性关节炎
Nnaoma M Oji1, Coleen S Sabatini2,3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine
|December 23, 2024
概括
儿童上肢骨质炎和败血性关节炎往往是严重的. 早期诊断和个性化治疗,包括急需手术的败血症关节,对于恢复至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科整形外科 儿科整形外科
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 肌肉骨感染 肌肉骨感染
背景情况:
- 儿科骨髓炎和败血性关节炎发生在上肢 (UE) 的10-24%的病例中.
- UE感染带来了诊断和管理的挑战,与下肢 (LE) 感染相比,往往导致更严重的结果.
- 本综述综合了有关儿科UE骨关节感染的最新文献.
研究的目的:
- 评估过去六年关于儿童骨髓炎和感染性关节炎的文献.
- 为医疗保健专业人员提供临床管理指南,以处理这些复杂的儿科疾病.
主要方法:
- 对过去六年内发表的研究进行了全面的文献综述.
- 对UE骨关节感染的诊断标准,致病生物和治疗策略的分析.
- 综合发现,为临床实践指南提供信息.
主要成果:
- 肩膀,肘部和腰部是最常受到影响的部位.
- 黄金葡萄球菌是主要的病原体,Kingella kingae是培养负病例中未被认可的原因.
- 对于败血性关节,建议紧急进行手术灌和除菌,然后服用 2-4 周的抗生素. 单独使用抗生素是急性骨髓炎的标准,没有并发症.
- 甲素耐药黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 与疾病严重程度增加和手术干预有关.
结论:
- 儿科UE骨髓炎和败血性关节炎虽然比LE少见,但对儿童的健康有重大影响.
- 结合抗生素和手术管理的个性化,多学科的方法是成功解决疾病的关键.
- 需要进一步的研究来评估吸血作为UE败血性关节的首要治疗方法.
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