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相关概念视频

RNA-seq03:21

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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 8, 2025

Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells
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一本关于RNA结构分析和RNA向方法的指南.

Rodrigo Aguilar1, Constanza Mardones1, Adrian A Moreno2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.

The FEBS journal
|December 24, 2024
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概括

由于结构数据稀缺,RNA疗法是有前途的,但具有挑战性. 本指南回顾了RNA结构确定和向策略,主张采用互补方法来加速药物开发.

关键词:
这是一个RNARNARNARNARNA.结构 RNA 结构 RNA 结构向RNA的RNA准方式没有编码的RNA.

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • RNA正在成为关键的治疗点,可以通过小分子,反意义寡核酸,DNA酶和CRISPR/Cas13进行调制.
  • 与蛋白质药物开发不同,RNA向策略受到全面RNA结构数据的有限可用性和复杂性的阻碍.
  • 现有的RNA结构阐明方法经常揭示动态结构而不是静态构造,使合理的药物设计复杂化.

研究的目的:

  • 提供当前RNA结构确定方法的概述.
  • 探索各种RNA向策略,区分那些需要详细的结构信息和那些不需要的.
  • 引导研究人员选择适当的策略来开发RNA向疗法.

主要方法:

  • 对RNA二次和三维结构确定 (例如,X射线结晶学,冷EM,NMR,SHAPE,DMS,生物信息学) 的既定技术的审查.
  • 探索RNA向模式,包括小分子,反意义寡核酸,DNA酶和CRISPR/Cas13.
  • 讨论基于序列和表型选方法的讨论,独立于详细的RNA结构.

主要成果:

  • 确定RNA结构仍然具有挑战性,通常会产生关于灵活性和多重构造的信息.
  • 有一系列的RNA向策略存在,它们依赖于精确的结构数据而变化.
  • 基于序列和表型的方法提供了可行的替代方案,当详细的RNA结构是不可用的或难以获得.

结论:

  • 开发RNA向药物需要对所需结构信息的范围做出战略决定.
  • 结合结构数据与基于序列或表型的方法的补充方法可以加快新型RNA向疗法的发现.
  • 进一步整合各种方法对于推进基于RNA的疗法来对抗疾病至关重要.