如何诊断令人厌恶的科学
The Hastings Center report
|December 24, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了价值损害框架,以区分有争议的科学研究与令人厌恶的科学. 它根据其价值和潜在的危害对研究进行分类,确定无价值和有害的研究是令人厌恶的.
科学领域:
- 科学研究中的伦理学
- 科学哲学的科学哲学
- 生物医学伦理 生物医学伦理
背景情况:
- 区分有争议和令人厌恶的科学研究对于道德监督至关重要.
- 现有的框架可能无法充分捕捉无价值和有害的研究细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个诊断框架来对科学研究进行分类.
- 要区分仅仅是有争议的和令人厌恶的科学研究.
- 为评估研究项目的伦理地位提供一个工具.
主要方法:
- 开发一个价值损害图,有两个轴:价值和损害.
- 根据价值和危害对研究进行四个象限的分类.
- 分析案例研究以说明框架的应用.
主要成果:
- 大多数科学研究被归类为有价值和无害的.
- 有争议的研究可能是有价值但有害的,或无害但无价值的.
- 讨厌的科学被定义为无价值和有害的研究.
结论:
- 拟议的价值损害框架在有争议和令人厌恶的科学之间提供了明确的区别.
- "新基因组种族科学"作为一个案例研究,以令人厌恶的科学为例.
- 该框架有助于识别和防止从道德上不可接受的研究实践.
相关概念视频
The Scientific Method
222.5K
The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
222.5K
Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?
27.3K
The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...
27.3K


