肠-大脑轴和健康和疾病中的神经可塑性:系统性审查
Alberto Di Napoli1, Luca Pasquini2,3, Emiliano Visconti4
1Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, 00189, Rome, Italy.
La Radiologia medica
|December 24, 2024
概括
肠道微生物群对健康个体和患有疾病的人的大脑连接有影响. 这篇评论探讨了肠-大脑轴.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 人们越来越认识到肠道微生物群是调节大脑功能的关键参与者.
- 肠-大脑轴描述了胃肠道和中枢神经系统之间的双向通信.
- 了解肠道微生物群对大脑连接的影响对于神经和精神健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查当前关于肠-大脑轴的证据及其对大脑连接的影响.
- 综合利用各种神经成像技术评估微生物群与大脑相互作用的研究结果.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献搜索更新至2024年1月,最初确定了532篇论文.
- 纳入标准集中在使用fMRI,DTI和EEG等技术检查大脑连接的研究上.
- 排除了评论,非连接性研究,以及对非人类受试者的研究,导致49篇精选论文.
主要成果:
- 在健康人群中,肠道微生物群的组成与与认知,记忆,注意力和情绪相关的大脑区域的连接有关.
- 特定的大脑区域,如杏仁体,皮质和额叶皮质,表现出基于细菌的丰富性而改变的连接性,特别是在炎症性肠综合征患者中.
- 研究证实了健康个体和患有胃肠道,脏和精神疾病的患者的微生物群与大脑的联系.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群显著调节大脑在各种认知和情绪领域的连接.
- 肠-大脑轴是影响神经和精神健康的关键通路.
- 对微生物群向干预的进一步研究对治疗与大脑有关的疾病有希望.
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