时间折扣是否是健康结果和金钱之间的特定领域:系统性审查和元分析
Tiantian Tao1, Junni Du2, Yuyang Sun1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
International journal of clinical pharmacy
|December 24, 2024
概括
人们对健康结果和金钱奖励也有类似的折扣,观察到的是温和的相关性. 这表明一致的折扣率设置适用于医疗技术评估,尽管患者水平的细微差异.
科学领域:
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 时间性折扣,即时奖励的偏好,影响了健康和金融方面的决策.
- 了解个人如何看重即时和延迟的健康结果以及金钱奖励对于公共卫生政策和经济评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析比较健康结果和金钱奖励的时间折扣参数的研究.
- 评估健康和货币折扣之间的整体关系.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2023年12月.
- 标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和相关系数 (转换为费舍尔的Z分数) 用于评估折扣差异和关联.
- 小组分析检查了基于人口的异质性,奖励可交易性,大小,标志和实验设计.
主要成果:
- 包括32项研究,其中29项用于比较元分析,19项用于相关性分析.
- 在健康和货币折扣之间没有发现统计学上显著的总体差异,尽管个人对健康结果表现出更大的耐心和对货币奖励的冲动性.
- 在健康和货币贴现之间观察到温和的正相关性 (聚合r=0.333),表明了一致的模式.
结论:
- 尽管总体上没有显著的差异,但温和的相关性支持在医疗技术评估中使用一致的折扣率设置.
- 研究结果表明,虽然人们可能表现出与金钱相比健康的折扣行为略有不同,但潜在的估值过程显示出适度的关联.
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