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克里斯普尔-卡斯间隔器获取是人类肠道微生物群中罕见的事件

An-Ni Zhang¹, Jeffry M Gaston², Pablo Cárdenas³

¹Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

|December 25, 2024

概括

人的肠道微生物组显示了CRISPR间隔器获取率较低. 在Bifidobacterium longum中,CRISPR-Cas系统的水平基因转移明显超过了局部获取,影响了微生物适应性免疫力.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
进化生物学进化生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

主体-寄生虫相互作用是重要的进化驱动因素.
克里斯普尔-卡斯系统通过空间获得,在原核生物中提供适应性免疫力.
人的肠道微生物组包含复杂的微生物-菌体动态.

研究的目的:

在人类肠道微生物群中研究CRISPR-Cas介导的适应性免疫.
量化肠道细菌中的间隔器获取率.
探索横向基因转移在肠道内的CRISPR-Cas进化中的作用.

主要方法:

细菌分离物的全基因组测序.
超基因组时间序列分析.
对CRISPR数组和间隔器内容的生物信息分析.

主要成果:

观察到CRISPR间隔器获取的低频率,平均每~2.9个突变有一个间隔器.
通过横向基因转移 (HGT) 传播的Bifidobacterium longum中普遍存在的CRISPR阵列被确定在多种不同的人群中.
在B. longum中,CRISPR-Cas系统的HGT引入了比局部获取更多的间隔器,间隔器针对特定的Bifidobacterium菌体.

结论:

横向基因转移是快速传播适应性免疫在人类肠道微生物群中的一个主要机制.
克里斯普尔-Cas系统通过本地采集和大规模的HGT事件进化.
了解这些动态是理解原生体适应性免疫和微生物社区进化的关键.

关键词:

在CRISPR-Cas系统中.适应性免疫是一种适应性免疫.生物信息学是一种生物信息学.计算生物学是计算生物学.横向基因转移是指水平基因转移.宿主-病毒相互作用人类肠道微生物组微生物进化过程中的微生物.菌体防御系统的防御

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