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Updated: May 8, 2025

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从开采到最终用途和废物管理:模拟整个经济的材料循环和世界各地的库存动态
Dominik Wiedenhofer1, Jan Streeck1, Hanspeter Wieland1
1Institute of Social Ecology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria.
概括
全球材料库存在2016年达到1.093亿,建筑和基础设施占主导地位. 本研究引入了MISO2模型用于经济范围内的材料库存分析,揭示了全球人均库存的重大不平等.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 资源管理 资源管理
背景情况:
- 材料库存对生产和消费至关重要,对资源效率和循环经济至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏经济范围的视角,专注于特定的材料或最终用途.
- 为了可持续的资源管理,需要全面了解全球物质库存.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种全新的经济模型,即材料输入,库存和输出 (MISO2),用于动态材料库存分析.
- 将MISO2模型应用于全球国家层面,涵盖从1900年到2016年的广泛数据.
- 为全球社会经济代谢提供一个库存流的一致的视角.
主要方法:
- 开发并应用了MISO2模型,包括14个供应链流程和13个最终用途.
- 编制了一个数据库,涵盖了177个国家的23种原材料和20种库存材料 (1900-2016).
- 分析了总材料库存和人均分布,确定了主要库存类别.
主要成果:
- 2016年全球材料库存总量为1093亿,其中建筑物 (住宅,非住宅) 和基础设施 (土木工程,道路) 占多数.
- 人均物质库存呈现出严重的全球不平等,低收入国家和高收入国家之间的差异是十倍的.
- 数据质量有所不同,特别是在低收入国家和特定材料 (如沙子和石) 中.
结论:
- MISO2模型和数据库为全球材料库存和流量提供了有价值的见解.
- 调查结果强调了全球物质财富和资源使用的分布不均.
- 该研究为政策相关的可持续资源管理和循环经济战略提供了新的研究途径.
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