大学俱乐部体育运动运动员的多元体育组成
Dale R Wagner1, Edward M Heath1, Sara A Harper1,2
1Utah State University, Kinesiology & Health Science, Logan, UT, USA.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
|December 26, 2024
概括
这项研究使用四组件模型测量了大学俱乐部运动员的身体组成,揭示了体脂百分比和无脂肪质量指数在各种运动中的显著差异. 这些发现突出了运动员身体组成的体育特异性适应.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 身体组成分析 身体成分分析
背景情况:
- 现有的身体成分数据主要集中在NCAA运动员身上,留下大学俱乐部体育参与者的差距.
- 以前的NCAA运动员规范通常依赖于具有固有的假设的方法,限制精度.
研究的目的:
- 测量和分析大学俱乐部体育运动员的身体组成,使用精确的四部分 (4C) 模型.
- 在这个人群中建立体脂百分比 (%BF) 和无脂肪质量指数 (FFMI) 的百分位数.
- 识别和量化各种俱乐部体育运动中身体组成的差异.
主要方法:
- 采用了四个组成部分 (4C) 的模型,包括身体体积 (ADP),总体水量 (BES) 和骨矿物质含量 (DXA).
- 收集了来自16个不同大学俱乐部体育运动的运动员的数据,包括棒球,自行车,体操,橄球和游泳.
- 计算了%BF和FFMI,使用科恩的d来量化团队之间的平均差异.
主要成果:
- 与男性和女性运动员的假设值相比,观察到无脂肪质量 (FFM) 密度的显著差异.
- 身体脂肪百分比 (%BF) 在男性为4.9%至35.7%,女性为15.5%至42.8%.
- 无脂肪质量指数 (FFMI) 在男性中从15.6到26.8公斤·米2不等,在女性中从14.1到22.6公斤·米2不等,体育运动之间的差异影响大.
结论:
- 身体组成,特别是%BF和FFMI,在不同的大学俱乐部体育运动中存在很大差异.
- 骑自行车和登等重量敏感体育运动显示运动员更瘦,而像功率举重和橄球这样的动力运动则表现出更高的FFMI.
- 在使用这些数据作为俱乐部体育运动员的参考值时,建议谨慎使用这些数据,因为样本大小的限制.
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