通过蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用来调节氨酸酸酶PTP1B的度调节
Cassandra A Chartier1, Virgil A Woods2,3, Yunyao Xu1
1Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society
|December 26, 2024
概括
适应蛋白 Grb2 的结合全质地增强了铁酸酶 PTP1B 的活性. 这种相互作用取决于PTP1B的富含proline的区域,改变了PTP1B的结构和动态,揭示了细胞信号传递的新调节机制.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
- 蛋白质组学是指蛋白质组学.
背景情况:
- 质谱学 (MS) 蛋白质组学方法可以识别蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用,但不能识别它们的功能后果.
- 蛋白质相互作用可以导致新兴的信号或蛋白质功能的全调节.
- 氨酸酸酶PTP1B和适应蛋白Grb2是已知的相互作用体,可能调节胰岛素信号传递.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究PTP1B-Grb2相互作用的功能后果.
- 为了确定Grb2结合是否可全质调节PTP1B的催化活性.
- 确定与PTP1B相互作用并可能调节其功能的其他蛋白质.
主要方法:
- 使用生物化学测试研究了PTP1B-Grb2相互作用.
- 利用核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱和-交换质谱 (HDX-MS) 来研究结构变化.
- 采用MS蛋白质组学来识别PTP1B的氨酸丰富的区域相互作用体.
主要成果:
- 结合Grb2可以全质地增强PTP1B的催化活性.
- 这种相互作用是由PTP1B的富含proline的区域和Grb2.2的C端SH3域介导的.
- Grb2结合会诱导PTP1B的结构和/或动态变化.
- 鉴定了PTP1B富含proline的区域的新型相互作用体.
结论:
- 这项研究表明,通过Grb2结合,PTP1B酶活性得到了全oster增强.
- 这些发现揭示了细胞信号中PTP1B调节的新机制.
- 通过富含proline的区域相互作用,确定了PTP1B功能的潜在新调节剂.
相关概念视频
Allosteric Regulation
57.1K
Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...
57.1K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
12.8K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
12.8K
Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
5.6K
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function. For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
5.6K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.3K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.3K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
8.2K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.2K
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
11.6K
Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
11.6K


