替代拼接扩大了中国粗的马蝙蝠的抗病毒IFITM剧目
Nelly S C Mak1,2, Jingyan Liu3, Dan Zhang3
1Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
PLoS pathogens
|December 26, 2024
概括
替代拼接使蝙蝠的干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白 (IFITM) 多样化,增强它们对像SARS-CoV-2这样的病毒的抗病毒免疫力. 这种进化策略补充了基因重复在塑造天生的免疫力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学和免疫学 病毒学和免疫学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白 (IFITM) 对于抗病毒反应至关重要,限制病毒的进入.
- 特定物种的IFITM基因库影响对病毒感染的耐药性.
- IFITM在蝙蝠增强的抗病毒免疫力中的作用,自然病毒储备,仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查IFITM在中国形马的抗病毒免疫力中的作用,SARS相关的冠状病毒宿主.
- 探索进化策略,包括替代拼接和基因重复,使IFITM功能多样化.
- 了解IFITM多样性如何为哺乳动物物种的天生的免疫力做出贡献.
主要方法:
- 转录组学以识别IFITM基因和异型在中国毛马蝙蝠中.
- 循环二重化谱学分析蝙蝠IFITMs的体外结构.
- 针对各种病毒的抗病毒测试 (流感A,尼帕,SARS-CoV,SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV).
- 针对206种哺乳动物物种的IFITM目录进行生物信息分析.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了一种IFITM基因在中国粗的马蝙蝠中,通过替代拼接产生两种异型.
- 蝙蝠IFITM异型表现出明显的抗病毒特异性,并定位在病毒进入的不同细胞部位.
- 生物信息分析显示,与基因重复相比,替代拼接是IFITM多样化的一种反复出现的,尽管不太常见的策略.
结论:
- 替代拼接是IFITM基因家族进化多样化的重要机制.
- 通过基因重复和替代拼接,IFITM家族的扩张代表了由特定物种选择压力驱动的融合进化.
- IFITM的多样性是先天免疫的关键组成部分,有助于对病毒感染的物种特异性耐药性.
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