在监狱中的老年人中残疾的普遍性
Katherine E M Miller1,2,3, Karen Shen1,2,3, Yang Yang1,2,3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
JAMA network open
|December 27, 2024
概括
监狱中的老年人与社区中的老年人相比,经历了明显更高的残疾率,特别是认知困难. 即使在COVID-19大流行期间,这些差异仍然保持一致,突出了紧急护理需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 监禁在惩戒设施中的老年人人口迅速增加.
- 了解这一人口群体的认知和功能状态至关重要,但由于数据的可用性而受到限制.
研究的目的:
- 对55岁及以上在监狱和社区环境中居住的成年人中残疾患病率和残疾状况进行比较分析.
- 从2008年到2022年,在14年的时间内检查这些趋势.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种重复的横截面研究设计.
- 美国社区调查 (ACS) 的全国代表性数据被利用.
- 从2008-2022年调查数据中确定了55岁以上的社区居民和监禁成年人的队列.
主要成果:
- 在2008年至2022年期间,监狱中的老年人数从102,700人增长到171,700人,在COVID-19大流行期间增长放缓.
- 与居住在社区中的同龄人相比,被监禁的老年人群中,残疾的患病率 (认知,健行,独立生活,自我照顾) 显著更高.
- 监狱中的老年人 (15.2%) 与社区 (7.1%) 的认知困难明显高,这些差异随着时间的推移保持稳定.
结论:
- 监禁的老年人报告的残疾率更高,特别是认知障碍,比他们社区居住的同行更高.
- 这些差异在整个研究期间持续存在,包括COVID-19大流行.
- 调查结果强调,需要专门的护理模式和政策,以解决惩戒系统中老年人的复杂健康需求,特别是考虑到资源限制.
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